Friday, 4 April 2014

Evaluation: Establishing the Enigma Code

Media theorist Roland Barthes devised a the theory of the enigma code, in which he claimed that the purpose of the author of a media text is to keep the audience guessing through establishing enigmas for the audience to work out. These are conventionally revealed in the final scene of the film. This is a useful tool for a trailer, as establishing enigma codes makes the audience want to find out the answers to the enigmas and go and see the film. In our trailer we have made use of this.

The trailer begins with many enigmas, with no characters being fully shown and the narration leaving the plot line fairly open ended. Instead of revealing characters' faces we show silhouettes and limbs. It is not until right at the end of the opening sequence that the lead protagonist is finally shown, and when he is he is loading a gun, creating another enigma about the reasons for having a gun. Even when he is shown, half of his face is shrouded in shadow, so the audience doesn't see him fully, making him seem mysterious. The narration supports this mystery through the recital of a very ambiguous poem that establishes themes rather than plot points. This is a slightly unconventional start to a trailer, so the audience is drawn in by something a bit different whilst at the end the conventions of an action film are adhered to, to make the audience feel more comfortable. This adheres to Neale's theory of genre, in which he argues that pleasure is derived from 'repetition and difference'. The narration also has some relevance to the film, as it is a poem taken from Percy Shelly's 'Prometheus Unbound', which has a similar title and very similar themes. This is the sort of thing that would excited audiences and could be the start of a viral marketing campaign. Through using this ambiguous poem we interest a wide audience and create an enigma code.

Enigmas are also established later on in the trailer, such as through the action sequences. The audience is left wondering how the characters escape from the situations which they find themselves in. One example of this is at 1:44 when four men in balaclavas advance on Agent Davidson. This is obviously a dangerous and almost hopeless situation, making the audience wonder how he is going to escape. A similar enigma is established at 1:14 when Thorne is pointing a gun at the villain as if he is about to shoot. The audience would be aware that the film can't end there as the trailer wouldn't give that much away, so it creates the enigma about how he is going to escape from that situation. This is obviously established as an enigma, as the music builds up to the moment, making it seem important. Another enigma is at 1:36 where Thorne is seen holding onto Rick as if he's injured. This makes the audience wonder what has happened to Rick and if he's in danger. The trailer also ends on an enigma, with Thorne crawling along injured and then shooting. Questions are raised as to whether he was successful in his shot and who he was shooting. By establishing all these enigmas the audience has a plethora of questions that they want answers to, and they realise that the only way they're going to get the answers is by going to see the film.

Overall we have used enigma codes a great deal in our trailer to pull in a wider audience who want to know answers to the questions we have raised. This is a key part of creating trailers, as if we answer all the questions in the trailer and give too much away then the audience wouldn't have any reason to watch the film. I think this is one of the areas in which we have been particularly successful, as we haven't given very much away at all, and there are even gaps in the general premise of the film which the audience are left wondering about.